АНТИКОРУПЦІЙНА ЕКОСИСТЕМА В ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННІ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ДЕРЖАВИ: ЕВОЛЮЦІЯ КОНЦЕПЦІЇ ТА НОВІ ІНСТИТУЦІЙНІ МЕХАНІЗМИ
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Анотація
У сучасних умовах посилення глобальних економічних викликів, цифрової трансформації та необхідності сталого розвитку держави особливої актуальності набуває формування ефективних механізмів протидії корупції. Відтак особливого значення набуває концепція антикорупційної екосистеми як інтегрованого середовища, що забезпечує взаємодію всіх суб’єктів антикорупційної діяльності й створює умови для формування прозорого та безпечного економічного простору. У роботі досліджено економічну сутність поняття «антикорупційна екосистема» як найважливішого механізму забезпечення економічної безпеки держави та еволюцію підходів до протидії корупції.
Метою дослідження є розкриття сутності поняття «антикорупційна екосистема» та дослідження еволюції цього поняття в контексті розвитку теорії й практики протидії корупції для забезпечення економічної безпеки держави.
У статті обґрунтовано необхідність переходу від фрагментарного до екосистемного підходу в реалізації державної антикорупційної політики. Здійснено критичний аналіз термінів «екосистема» та «антикорупційна екосистема». Проаналізовано витоки формування такого економічного явища як «антикорупційна екосистема» та визначено її значення в сучасному бізнес-середовищі. Сформовано авторське бачення сутності цього терміна як відкритої, адаптивної, багаторівневої соціально-економічної системи, спрямованої на мінімізацію та усунення корупційних ризиків і зміцнення економічної безпеки держави. Установлено, що використання екосистемного підходу в царині антикорупційної діяльності є закономірним етапом розвитку сучасної економічної науки та практики публічного управління. Виокремлено структурні елементи антикорупційної екосистеми, до яких віднесено інституційну, нормативно-правову, інформаційно-аналітичну, цифрово-технологічну, соціальну, освітню та міжнародні складові. Розкрито їхнє функціональне призначення та визначено взаємозв’язки між окремими елементами, що забезпечують цілісність функціонування екосистеми та її здатність адаптуватися до нових викликів. Особливу увагу приділено ролі цифрових технологій, відкритих даних і синергії людського та штучного інтелекту у формуванні ефективної системи запобігання корупції.
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