ФІНАНСОВА ГРАМОТНІСТЬ І ДОБРОБУТ РІЗНИХ ПОКОЛІНЬ: ДОСВІД ІЗ ПАТУМ ТАНІ, ТАЇЛАНД

Main Article Content

Танварат Суванна
Супачок Таколсрі
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0722-8000
Тхарітсая Конгкаев
Промпонг Шангхум

Анотація

Цей дослідницький проєкт був проведений із метою оцінки рівня фінансової грамотності жителів Таїланду, що включає фінансові знання, фінансові погляди та фінансову поведінку, які впливають на фінансовий добробут. За допомогою багатоступеневої вибірки в рамках дослідження було опитано 510 жителів із 7 районів і 15 підрайонів провінції Патхум Тані 2024 року з метою підтримки концепції розвитку «розумного міста». За даними описової статистики, середній показник фінансового ставлення вибірки становив 65,19%, що перевищувало контрольний показник ОЕСР (2020) на рівні 60%. Однак середній показник фінансових знань вибірки становив 63,28%, що було нижче за контрольний показник ОЕСР (2020) на рівні 71,43%. Середній показник фінансової поведінки вибірки становив 60,52%, що також було нижче за еталонний показник ОЕСР (2020) – 66,67%. Покоління Y мало вищі середні показники фінансового благополуччя, ніж покоління Z, покоління X та бебі-бумери. Крім того, покоління Y мало вищі середні показники фінансових навичок, ніж покоління Z, покоління X та бебі-бумери, особливо в компоненті середніх показників фінансових знань, де покоління Y також отримало вищі бали, ніж інші вікові групи.
У результаті застосування моделі множинної регресії для аналізу інференційної статистики було виявлено, що фактори фінансових знань значно впливали на фінансове благополуччя мешканців на рівні статистичної значущості 0,05, а фактори фінансової поведінки значно впливали на фінансове благополуччя мешканців на рівні статистичної значущості 0,01. Однак фактори фінансового ставлення не мали значного впливу на фінансове благополуччя. Мешканці повинні отримати розширені фінансові знання з таких підтем, як часова вартість грошей і розрахунок основної суми та відсотків, які є фундаментальними принципами заощадження й інвестування, що впливатимуть на довгострокове фінансове благополуччя та справді сприятимуть становленню розумних людей у розумному місті Таїланду.

Article Details

Посилання

Ahamed, A. J., & Limbu, Y. B. (2024). Financial anxiety: a systematic review. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 42(7), 1666-1694. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-08-2023-0462 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-08-2023-0462

Ameer, R., & Khan, R. (2020). Financial Socialization, Financial Literacy, and Financial Behavior of Adults in New Zealand. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 31(2), 313-329. https://doi.org/10.1891/JFCP-18-00042 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1891/JFCP-18-00042

Archuleta, K. L., Dale, A., & Spann, S. M. (2013). College students and financial distress: Exploring debt, financial satisfaction, and financial anxiety. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 24(2), 50-62. https://www.afcpe.org/news-and-publications/journal-of-financial-counseling-and-planning/volume-24-2/college-students-and-financial-distress-exploring-debt-financial-satisfaction-and-financial-anxiety/

Atkinson, A., & Messy, F. A. (2011). Assessing financial literacy in 12 countries: an OECD/INFE international pilot exercise. Journal of Pension Economics & Finance, 10(4), 657-665. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474747211000539 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474747211000539

Bajaj, I., & Kaur, M. (2024). Validating the financial knowledge scale using item response theory. Vision, 28(2), 225-236. https://doi.org/10.1177/09722629211001994 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/09722629211001994

Bashir, I., & Qureshi, I. H. (2023). Examining theories, mediators and moderators in financial well-being literature: a systematic review and future research agenda. Qualitative Research in Organizations and Management: An International Journal, 18(4), 265-290. https://doi.org/10.1108/QROM-04-2022-2314 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/QROM-04-2022-2314

Bank of Thailand. (2020). The 2020 Thai financial literacy survey report. Bangkok, Thailand: Bank of Thailand. https://www.bot.or.th/content/dam/bot/documents/en/research-and-publications/reports/financial-access-survey-of-thai-household/fin_access_survey_hh_full_report_2020_en.pdf

Bilal, M., & Zulfiqar, M. (2016). Financial wellbeing is the goal of financial literacy. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 7(11), 94-103. https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/RJFA/article/view/31504

Botha, F., & de New, J. P. (2021). Proposal of a short form self-reported financial wellbeing scale for inclusion in the 2026 Census. Australian Population Studies, 5(1), 34-39. https://doi.org/10.37970/aps.v5i1.79 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37970/aps.v5i1.79

Brüggen, E. C., Hogreve, J., Holmlund, M., Kabadayi, S., & Löfgren, M. (2017). Financial well-being: A conceptualization and research agenda. Journal of business research, 79, 228-237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.03.013 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.03.013

Castro-González, S., Fernández-López, S., Rey-Ares, L., & Rodeiro-Pazos, D. (2020). The influence of attitude to money on individuals’ financial well-being. Social Indicators Research, 148(3), 747-764. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-019-02219-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-019-02219-4

Chen, Y. J., Lee, V., & Tang, T. L. P. (2024). Does thinking about making money help people save money? Behavioral economics—monetary wisdom across genders: Ardent love of money aspirations and $1 million resource allocation. Asian Journal of Business Ethics, 13(1), 323-365. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13520-024-00207-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13520-024-00207-7

Cwynar, A. (2020). Financial literacy, behaviour and well-being of millennials in Poland compared to previous generations: The insights from three large-scale surveys. Review of Economic Perspectives, 20(3), 289-335. https://doi.org/10.2478/revecp-2020-0015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/revecp-2020-0015

Dewi, V. I., Febrian, E., Effendi, N., Anwar, M., & Nidar, S. R. (2020). Financial literacy and its variables: The evidence from Indonesia. Economics & Sociology, 13(3), 133-154. https://doi.org./10.14254/2071-789X.2020/13-3/9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2020/13-3/9

Diener, E., & Seligman, M. E. (2004). Beyond money: Toward an economy of well-being. Psychological science in the public interest, 5(1), 1-31. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0963-7214.2004.00501001.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0963-7214.2004.00501001.x

Dube, V. S., & Asthana, P. K. (2023). Financial knowledge, attitude and behaviour components of financial literacy: a study of Indian higher education students. International Journal of Indian Culture and Business Management, 28(1), 124-143. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJICBM.2023.128488 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1504/IJICBM.2023.128488

Fernandes, D., Lynch Jr, J. G., & Netemeyer, R. G. (2014). Financial literacy, financial education, and downstream financial behaviors. Management science, 60(8), 1861-1883. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2013.1849 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2013.1849

Firli, A., & Hidayati, N. (2021). The influence of financial knowledge, financial attitude, and personality towards financial management behavior on productive age population. Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research, 10, 43-55. https://doi.org/10.37676/ekombis.v12i1.5000 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37676/ekombis.v12i1.5000

García-Santillán, A., Zamora-Lobato, M. T., Tejada-Peña, E., & Valencia-Márquez, L. (2025). Exploring the Relationship Between Financial Education, Financial Attitude, Financial Advice, and Financial Knowledge: Insights Through Financial Capabilities and Financial Well-Being. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 18(3), 151. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm18030151 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm18030151

Garg, N., & Singh, S. (2018). Financial literacy among youth. International journaL of sociaL economics, 45(1), 173-186. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSE-11-2016-0303 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSE-11-2016-0303

Goyal, K., & Kumar, S. (2021). Financial literacy: A systematic review and bibliometric analysis. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 45(1), 80-105. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12605 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12605

Gudmunson, C. G., & Danes, S. M. (2011). Family financial socialization: Theory and critical review. Journal of family and economic issues, 32(4), 644-667. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-011-9275-y DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-011-9275-y

Huston, S. J. (2010). Measuring financial literacy. Journal of consumer affairs, 44(2), 296-316. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6606.2010.01170.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6606.2010.01170.x

Hwang, H., & Park, H. I. (2023). The relationships of financial literacy with both financial behavior and financial well‐being: Meta‐analyses based on the selective literature review. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 57(1), 222-244. https://doi.org/10.1111/joca.12497 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/joca.12497

Iamtrakul, P., Klaylee, J., & Raungratanaamporn, I. S. (2024). An Evaluation of Travel Mode Choice and Travel Patterns: A Case Study in Pathum Thani Province, Thailand. SAGE Open, 14(4), 21582440241292887. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241292887 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241292887

Iamtrakul, P., & Klaylee, J. (2023). Creating a prototype smart city for a case of developing world: Pathum Thani, Thailand. GMSARN International Journal, 17(1), 67-75. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/360813442_Creating_A_Prototype_Smart_City_for_A_Case_of_Developing_World_Pathum_Thani_Thailand

Irvine, K. N., Suwanarit, A., Likitswat, F. et al.(2022). Smart City Thailand: Visioning and design to enhance sustainability, resiliency, and community wellbeing. Urban Science, 6(1), 1-36. https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci6010007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci6010007

Jaffar, N., Mohd Faizal, S., Selamat, Z., Awaludin, I. S., & Sulaiman, N. A. (2024). Financial literacy and financial well-being of low-income women in Malaysia: a capability view. Cogent Social Sciences, 10(1), 2388826. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2024.2388826 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2024.2388826

Joo, S. H., & Grable, J. E. (2004). An exploratory framework of the determinants of financial satisfaction. Journal of family and economic Issues, 25(1), 25-50. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JEEI.0000016722.37994.9f DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JEEI.0000016722.37994.9f

Katnic, I., Katnic, M., Orlandic, M., Radunovic, M., & Mugosa, I. (2024). Understanding the role of financial literacy in enhancing economic stability and resilience in Montenegro: A data-driven approach. Sustainability, 16(24), 11065. https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411065 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su162411065

Kimiyagahlam, F., Safari, M., & Mansori, S. (2019). Influential Behavioral Factors on Retirement Planning Behavior: The Case of Malaysia. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 30(2), 244-261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1053-3073.30.2.244 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1891/1052-3073.30.2.244

Murari, K. (2019). Managing household finance: An assessment of financial knowledge and behaviour of rural households. Journal of Rural Development, 705-732. https://doi.org/10.25175/jrd/2019/v38/i4/150768 DOI: https://doi.org/10.25175/jrd/2019/v38/i4/150768

Lee, J. M., Lee, J., & Kim, K. T. (2020). Consumer financial well-being: Knowledge is not enough. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 41(2), 218-228. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-019-09649-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-019-09649-9

Lone, U. M., & Bhat, S. A. (2022). Impact of financial literacy on financial well-being: a mediational role of financial self-efficacy. Journal of Financial Services Marketing, 29, 122–137. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41264-022-00183-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41264-022-00183-8

Lusardi, A. (2019). Financial literacy and the need for financial education: evidence and implications. Swiss journal of economics and statistics, 155(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41937-019-0027-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s41937-019-0027-5

Lusardi, A. (2015). Financial literacy: Do people know the ABCs of finance?. Public understanding of science, 24(3), 260-271. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963662514564516 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0963662514564516

Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S. (2014). The economic importance of financial literacy: Theory and evidence. American Economic Journal: Journal of Economic Literature, 52(1), 5-44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.52.1.5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.52.1.5

Lusardi, A., & Tufano, P. (2015). Debt literacy, financial experiences, and overindebtedness. Journal of Pension Economics & Finance, 14(4), 332–368. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474747215000232 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474747215000232

Mandell, L., & Klein, L. S. (2009). The impact of financial literacy education on subsequent financial behavior. Journal of Financial Counseling and planning, 20(1). https://ssrn.com/abstract=2224231

Muthitacharoen, A., Nuntramas, P., & Chotewattanakul, P. (2015). Rising household debt: Implications for economic stability. Thailand and The World Economy, 33(3), 43-65. https://so05.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/TER/article/view/137687

OECD. (2022). OECD/INFE toolkit for measuring financial literacy and financial inclusion 2022. OECD Publishing. https://www.oecd.org/financial/education/oecd-recommendation-on-financial-literacy.html DOI: https://doi.org/10.1787/cbc4114f-en

OECD. (2020). OECD/INFE international survey of adult financial literacy competencies. https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/oecd-infe-2020-international-survey-of-adult-financial-literacy_145f5607-en.html

OECD. (2016). OECD/INFE international survey of adult financial literacy competencies. https://doi.org/10.12757/bbk.fl.2016.01.01

Prasartkul, P., Thaweesit, S., & Chuanwan, S. (2019). Prospects and Contexts of Demographic Transitions in Thailand. Journal of Population & Social Studies, 27(1). https://doi.org/10.25133/JPSSV27N1.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.25133/JPSSv27n1.001

Richardson, T., Elliott, P., & Roberts, R. (2013). The relationship between personal unsecured debt and mental and physical health: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical psychology review, 33(8), 1148-1162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2013.08.009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2013.08.009

Riitsalu, L., Sulg, R., Lindal, H., Remmik, M., & Vain, K. (2024). From security to freedom - the meaning of financial well-being changes with age. Journal of family and economic issues, 45(1), 56-69. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-023-09886-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-023-09886-z

Robb, C. A., & Woodyard, A. (2011). Financial knowledge and best practice behavior. Journal of financial counseling and planning, 22(1). https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2061308 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4148/jft.v3i1.1453

Sabri, M. F., Cook, C. C., & Gudmunson, C. G. (2012). Financial well-being of Malaysian college students. Asian Education and Development Studies, 1(2), 153–170. https://doi.org/10.1108/20463161211222953 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/20463161211240124

Santini, F. D. O., Ladeira, W. J., Mette, F. M. B., & Ponchio, M. C. (2019). The antecedents and consequences of financial literacy: a meta-analysis. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 37(6), 1462-1479. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-10-2018-0281 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-10-2018-0281

Shih, T. Y., & Ke, S. C. (2014). Determinates of financial behavior: insights into consumer money attitudes and financial literacy. Service Business, 8(2), 217-238. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11628-013-0194-x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11628-013-0194-x

Sweet, E., Nandi, A., Adam, E. K., & McDade, T. W. (2013). The high price of debt: Household financial debt and its impact on mental and physical health. Social Science & Medicine, 91, 94–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.05.009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.05.009

Taft, M. K., Hosein, Z. Z., Mehrizi, S. M. T., & Roshan, A. (2013). The relation between financial literacy, financial wellbeing and financial concerns. International journal of business and management, 8(11), 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v8n11p63 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v8n11p63

Xiao, J. J., Tang, C., & Shim, S. (2009). Acting for happiness: Financial behavior and life satisfaction of college students. Social indicators research, 92(1), 53-68. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-008-9288-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-008-9288-6

Yahaya, R., Zainol, Z., Osman, J. H., Abidin, Z., & Ismail, R. (2019). The effect of financial knowledge and financial attitudes on financial behavior among university students. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(8), 22-32. http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v9-i8/6205 DOI: https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v9-i8/6205

Zulfialdi, M. F., Hartono, U., & Haryono, N. A. (2025). The Effect of Financial Attitude, Financial Literacy, and Financial Technology on Financial Inclusion with Financial Self-Efficacy as a Mediator: A Study on FEB Students at State Universities in Surabaya. Riwayat: Educational Journal of History and Humanities, 8(3), 3622-3637. https://doi.org/10.24815/jr.v8i3.47998 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24815/jr.v8i3.47998