РОЛЬ ФІНТЕХУ В ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ УПРАВЛІННЯ РИЗИКАМИ ТА ФІНАНСОВИХ ПОСЛУГ: СИСТЕМАТИЧНИЙ ОГЛЯД І МЕТААНАЛІЗ
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Надіслано: 13-01-2025
Опубліковано: 30-04-2025
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Інтеграція штучного інтелекту та блокчейну у фінансові послуги трансформувала управління ризиками, забезпечивши розширене виявлення шахрайства, дотримання вимог і прогнозну аналітику. Однак у літературі існує значна прогалина щодо метааналітичного порівняння ефективності цих технологій у секторі. Дослідження має на меті подолати розрив шляхом проведення метааналізу, що оцінює вплив штучного інтелекту та блокчейну на різні аспекти управління фінансовими ризиками. Дослідження включає підхід метааналізу, систематично синтезуючи результати нещодавніх досліджень блокчейну та штучного інтелекту в управлінні фінансовими ризиками. Комплексний пошук у Scopus і Google Scholar із дотриманням жорстких критеріїв включення призвів до відбору 36 досліджень для аналізу. Лісові ділянки та зведені таблиці були створені за допомогою Meta-Essentials, статистичного інструменту для метааналізу, який обчислює розміри ефектів, довірчі інтервали та об'єднані оцінки з використанням моделей фіксованих і випадкових ефектів для точної інтерпретації. Метааналіз показав, що технологія блокчейн підвищує фінансову безпеку та прозорість, особливо після COVID, усуваючи операційні ризики зі скромним, але незначним ефектом (HR = 1,04, 95% ДІ: 0,99-1,10, p = 0,11). Штучний інтелект продемонстрував нейтральний вплив на управління ризиками (HR = 0,99, 95% ДІ: 0,94-1,04, p = 0,71), але відзначився у виявленні шахрайства та прогнозній аналітиці. Аналіз воронкових ділянок показав мінімальну упередженість публікації, а лісові ділянки підтвердили послідовні результати в різних дослідженнях. Ці результати показали, що блокчейн підвищує прозорість і безпеку після COVID, пом'якшуючи фінансові цифрові загрози, водночас штучний інтелект перевершує виявлення шахрайства та прогнозну аналітику. Штучний інтелект революціонізує управління ризиками за допомогою прогнозної інформації, а блокчейн забезпечує цілісність даних. Майбутні дослідження повинні уточнити галузеве застосування обох технологій.
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