ПРОГРАМА ДОДАТКОВОЇ ПРОДОВОЛЬЧОЇ ДОПОМОГИ (SNAP): ДОСВІД США ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ В УКРАЇНІ

Main Article Content

Руслан Мудрак
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1189-5463
Володимир Лагодієнко
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9768-5488
Алла Осіпова
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5330-3676
Оксана Фротер
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6770-9618
Світлана Власюк

Анотація

Метою дослідження є вивчення досвіду США в реалізації заходів боротьби з продовольчою небезпекою для американських громадян за допомогою Програми додаткової продовольчої допомоги (SNAP) та обґрунтування попередньої оцінки можливості застосування аналогічної програми в Україні.
При збільшенні витрат українських домогосподарств-учасників потенційної національної програми продовольчої допомоги на 78857,28 млн грн початкове мультиплікативне зростання ВВП становитиме 84535,0 млн грн. Збільшення витрат українських домогосподарств на продукти харчування та безалкогольні напої за рахунок програми продовольчої допомоги на 4,3% зумовить збільшення інвестиційного попиту в харчовій промисловості України на 3,2%, або на 677,3 млн грн.
За критерієм доходу, право на участь у програмі продовольчої допомоги може мати домогосподарство, у якого чистий місячний дохід повинен бути нижчий за 100% прожиткового мінімуму. Формула може передбачати, що домогосподарства витрачають на харчування 60% свого чистого доходу, а програма продовольчої допомоги компенсує різницю між цією сумою та вартістю «бюджету ощадливого харчування».
Є необхідність фахової дискусії з приводу: складових та їхнього розміру в переліку відрахувань із сукупного доходу домогосподарства для отримання чистого доходу; створення принципово нового інституту – «бюджет ощадливого харчування»; приведення нормативного прожиткового мінімуму у відповідність до фактичного; перегляду порогового значення індикатора «економічна доступність продуктів», який наразі становить 60%, у бік його зниження.

Article Details

Посилання

Mudrak, R., Lagodiienko, V., Osipova, A., Froter, O., & Sokoliuk, K. (2024). The concept of food security: theory and Ukrainian practice. Financial and Credit Activity Problems of Theory and Practice, 1(54), 452-470. https://doi.org/10.55643/fcaptp.1.54.2024.4194 DOI: https://doi.org/10.55643/fcaptp.1.54.2024.4194

State Statistics Service of Ukraine (2024). Statistical Yearbook of Ukraine for 2023. https://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/druk/publicat/kat_u/img/pdf.gif

Yurchenko, N. (2024, October 22). How many IDPs are there in Ukraine and where are the most internally displaced persons: statistics by region. RBC-UKRAINE. https://www.rbc.ua/rus/news/skilki-ukrayini-pereselentsiv-i-de-naybilshe-1729603384.html

Maloney, C. (2019). The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. Joint Economic Committee. https://www.jec.senate.gov/public/_cache/files/d657a411-2fd3-4570-b352-ff86ab54aa16/supplemental-nutrition-assistance-program---jec-update-.pdf

Popkin, B.M. (2017). The Challenge in Improving the Diets of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Recipients: A Historical Commentary. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 52(2), 106-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2016.08.018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2016.08.018

Executive Office of the President of the United States (2015). Long-term benefits of the supplemental nutrition assistance program. Report, December. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/whitehouse.gov/files/documents/SNAP_report_final_nonembargo.pdf

Nestle, M. (2019). The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP): History, Politics, and Public Health Implications. AJPH Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, 109(12), 1631-1635. https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/10.2105/AJPH.2019.305361 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2019.305361

Gassman-Pines, A. (2017, December 12). How problems with America's food stamps program affect poor children's attainments at school. Scholars Strategy Network. https://scholars.org/contribution/how-problems-americas-food-stamps-program-affect-poor-childrens-attainments-school

Everson, R. (2017). Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) a personal story on health and nutrition education. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 52(2 Suppl 2), 115-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2016.06.009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2016.06.009

Yap, R. (2023). Do SNAP benefits fulfill their mission? CHICAGO POLICY REVIEW, Wednesday, January 25th. https://chicagopolicyreview.org/2023/01/25/do-snap-benefits-fulfill-their-mission/

Ólafsson, B. (2023). Do SNAP Benefits Actually Work to Address Hunger? Sentient, Friday, June 16th. https://sentientmedia.org/snap/

Carlson, S., & Llobrera, J. (2022, December 14). SNAP Is Linked With Improved Health Outcomes and Lower Health Care Costs. Center on budget and policy priorities. https://www.cbpp.org/research/food-assistance/snap-is-linked-with-improved-health-outcomes-and-lower-health-care-costs

Center on Budget and Policy Priorities (2022, June 9). The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). Policy Basics. https://www.cbpp.org/research/policy-basics-the-supplemental-nutrition-assistance-program-snap

Melton, C. (2017, June 16). Understanding the supplemental nutrition assistance program (SNAP): key context and concepts to know. Policy primer. https://www.sycamoreinstitutetn.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/2017.06.16-FINAL-SNAP-101.pdf

Feeding America (2016). Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. https://www.feedingamerica.org/sites/default/files/assets/pdfs/fact-sheets/snap-factsheet-final.pdf

National Association of Counties (2019). Understanding the county role in the supplemental nutrition assistance program. The important role of SNAP as part of our nation’s safety-net. m https://www.naco.org/sites/default/files/attachments/NACo%20SNAP%20101%20Presentation.pdf

No Kid Hungry Center for Best Practices (2022). The Thrifty Food Plan. https://bestpractices.nokidhungry.org/sites/default/files/2023-05/2022_SNAP%20One-Pager_The%20Thrifty%20Food%20Plan.pdf

Institute of medicine of the National Academies (2013). Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program: Examining the Evidence to Defne Beneft Adequacy. https://nap.nationalacademies.org/resource/13485/SNAP_RB.pdf

USDA (2021, August 16). SNAP – Fiscal Year 2022 Cost-of-Living Adjustments. https://fns- prod.azureedge.us/sites/default/files/resource-files/2022-SNAP-COLA- Maximum-Allotments.pdf

USDA (2018). Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. FNS-813. https://www.usda.gov/sites/default/files/documents/snap_fact_sheet.pdf

Congressional Budget Office (2012). The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. https://www.cbo.gov/sites/default/files/cbofiles/attachments/04-19-SNAP.pdf

Aussenberg, R., & Falk, G. (2022, February 25). The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP): Categorical Eligibility. Congressional Research Service Report, R42054. https://sgp.fas.org/crs/misc/R42054.pdf

Black, R. (2013). Asset limits in the supplemental nutrition assistance program. New York. New America Foundation. https://static.newamerica.org/attachments/3742-asset-limits-in-the-supplemental-nutrition-assistance-program/SNAPassetlimitsFINAL_0.afad7895a9de4fc38418cfbf5fb48b09.pdf

Lewin, P., & Weber, B. (2020). Distributional Impacts of Food Assistance: How SNAP Payments to The Rural Poor Affect Incomes in The Urban Core. Papers in Regional Science, 99(5), 1281-1301. https://doi.org/10.1111/pirs.12524 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/pirs.12524

Hanson, K. (2010, October 1). The Food Assistance National Input-Output Multiplier (FANIOM) Model and Stimulus Effects of SNAP. ERR-103. https://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/pub-details?pubid=44749

Zandi, M. (2008). Assessing the Macro Economic Impact of Fiscal Stimulus 2008. Moody’s Economy.com. https://www.economy.com/mark-zandi/documents/Stimulus-Impact-2008.pdf

Oliveira, V., Prell, M., Tiehen, L., & Smallwood, D. (2018). Design Issues in USDA’s Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program: Looking Ahead by Looking Back. Economic Research Report Number 243, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. https://www.ers.usda.gov/webdocs/publications/86924/err-243.pdf?v=0

Palmer, S. (2019). More challenges facing the future of SNAP. Food Bank CENC. https://foodbankcenc.org/more-challenges-facing-snap/

Carroll, P. (2023, February 24). Forget Junk Food Restrictions. It’s Time to Scrap Food Stamps Altogether. Foundation for Economic Education. https://fee.org/articles/forget-junk-food-restrictions-it-s-time-to-scrap-food-stamps-altogether/

Mayo, N. (2021, November 12). SNAP: The Uncomfortable Truths about the Food Stamp Program. Foundation for Economic Education. https://fee.org/articles/snap-the-uncomfortable-truths-about-the-food-stamp-program/

Edwards, C. (2023). SNAP: High Costs, Low Nutrition. CATO briefing paper, 163. https://www.cato.org/briefing-paper/snap-high-costs-low-nutrition#reform-options

Edwards, C. (2023, April 11). SNAP: A Nutrition Failure. Cato Institute. https://www.cato.org/blog/snap-nutrition-failure-0

Brown, K. (2010, July 28). SNAP: Payment Errors and Trafficking Have Declined, but Challenges Remain. United States Government Accountability Office: Testimony Before the Subcommittee on Department Operations, Oversight, Nutrition, and Forestry, Committee on Agriculture, U.S. House of Representatives, 10-956T. https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-10-956t

Aussenberg, R. (2018, September 28). Errors and Fraud in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). Congressional Research Service Report, 7-5700. https://sgp.fas.org/crs/misc/R45147.pdf

Shapouri, S., & Rosen, S. (2001). Food Security Assessment: Regional Overview. Agriculture Information Bulletin Number 765-1. https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.33683

USDA (2021, April 30). Food gap in world’s most vulnerable regions expected to narrow by 2030. Economic Research Service U.S. https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/chart-gallery/gallery/chart-detail/?chartId=101005

Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 780 «On the approval of sets of food products, sets of non-food products and sets of services for the main social and demographic groups of the population». (2016, October). https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/780-2016-%D0%BF#Text

Order of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine No. 187 «Methodological provisions for calculating Gross Domestic Product». (2018, September). https://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/metod_polog/metod_doc/2018/187/mp_VVP.pdf

Ministry of Finance of Ukraine (2024). Low of Ukraine «On the State Budget of Ukraine for 2025». https://mof.gov.ua/storage/files/ДБУ_2025.pdf

Barbu, S. (2024, September 27). There is not enough money in the budget. Does the government plan to drastically cut subsidies? LB.ua. https://lb.ua/economics/2024/09/27/636592_byudzheti_zamalo_groshey_chi_planuie.html

State Statistics Service of Ukraine (2024). Statistical Publication «Household Expenditures and Resources in Ukraine». https://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/druk/publicat/Arhiv_u/17/Arch_vrd_zb.htm; https://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/druk/publicat/kat_u/2022/zb/07/zb_vrd_21.pdf

State Statistics Service of Ukraine (2024). Average consumer prices for goods (services) in Ukraine in 2021. https://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/operativ/operativ2021/ct/sctp/sctp_21ue.xlsx

Minfin (2024). Food prices. https://index.minfin.com.ua/ua/markets/wares/prods/

State Statistics Service of Ukraine (2024). Gross domestic product by final use categories. https://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/operativ/operativ2005/vvp/vvp_ric/arh_vvpzkkv_u.htm

State Statistics Service of Ukraine (2024). Statistical Publication «Agriculture of Ukraine». https://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/druk/publicat/kat_u/2023/zb/09/S_gos_22.pdf

Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (2023). Low of Ukraine «On the State Budget of Ukraine for 2024». https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3460-20#Text

eminar (2024, October 18). The actual amount of the subsistence minimum in September 2024 prices. https://7eminar.ua/news/1453-fakticnii-rozmir-prozitkovogo-minimumu-u-cinax-veresnya-2024-roku?page=50

Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 1379 «Some issues of the food security». (2007, December). https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1379-2007-%D0%BF#Text

Yerramilli, P., Fernández, Ó., & Thomson, S. (2018). Financial protection in Europe: A systematic review of the literature and mapping of data availability. Health Policy, 122, 493-508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2018.02.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2018.02.006