THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF STRATEGIC STATE REGULATION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY IN THE COORDINATES OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

300 ISSN 2306-4994 (print); ISSN 2310-8770 (online) UDC 338.262 Yatsykovskyy B. Candidate of Economics (Ph. D.), Higher Education Institution «National Academy of Management», Kyiv, Ukraine; e-mail: karpaty_2004@i.ua; ORCID ID: 0000-0003-2966-3257 Chynchyk A. Candidate of Economics, Assistant Professor, Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Ukraine; e-mail: chynchyk.aa@knuba.edu.ua; ORCID ID: 0000-0003-4017-4753 Holubka S. Doctor of Economics, Professor, Adviser, Accounting Chamber of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; e-mail: chynchyk.aa@knuba.edu.ua; ORCID ID: 0000-0002-5296-4798 Yaremchuk S. Doctor of Sociological Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Philosophy and Cultural Studies, Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Ukraine; e-mail: serg.doc.cv@gmail.com; ORCID ID: 0000-0003-2216-8026 Buriak Ie. Doctor of Economics, Associate Professor, Professor of Management Department, Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University, Ukraine; e-mail: burzhen@ukr.net; ORCID ID: 0000-0002-8039-004X

Introduction. Now in Ukraine there is a need to regulate the economy on the basis of sustainable development, which is very important, given the structural imbalance of the economic system, caused by irrational financial policy, the lack of organizational mechanisms for the use of innovation and investment potential, etc. There are marked trends of changes, which are characterized by a reduction in production of the industrial sector, significant consumption of raw materials and energy, inconsistent development of related sectors of the economy, low living standards of a significant number of the population. Numerous destabilizing factors of development caused instability of economic systems of the country at different levels, cyclicality of subjects of these systems.
Study analysis and problem statement. Issues of strategic state regulation of development of national economy in the coordinates of sustainable development were considered by domestic and foreign scientists, in particular scientists [1] noted that in addition, it should be noted that some innovative studies substantiate the need to prevent the negative impact of public administration on the economic security of Ukraine, the development of mechanisms of state regulation based on open qualitative information. World and domestic practice [2-5; 10] shows that the existing contradiction in the effective sustainable development is advisable to overcome with the help of purposeful mechanisms of state forecasting and stimulating influence. At the same time, specific mechanisms of such impact should be developed exclusively on the basis of reasonable and methodologically verified theoretical provisions. In this context, the development of methods of forecasting, assessment and stimulation of stable development of the region for the purpose of activation of domestic and foreign investment potential of Ukraine becomes especially acute. The methodology, in particular, ensuring the adoption of state management decisions in the long term, which is accompanied by the prediction of the consequences of the implementation of these decisions, is able to ensure the stability of the process. The economic development of the region and the state as a whole takes an essential place. The system of forecasting socio-economic development, developed by the scientist J. Forester [6] can serve as a proof of this thesis. The considered approach can be used as a basis for solving the problems of forecasting socio-economic development at the level of the region and its systems, which requires additional scientific justifications and modifications.
Study result. In modern conditions, the state is an institution that provides a market model of governance. In the international arena, the practice of development of all leading countries of the world (USA, Japan, Germany, UK, France, China, etc.) indicates the inability of the market mechanism to act as a macroeconomic regulator in the interests of society. The resolution of general economic and sectoral crises, unemployment, financial and monetary failures, as well as the need to finance not very profitable segments of the national economy at the expense of private capital, but necessary for the full national reproduction, require an active regulatory influence of the state on the domestic macroeconomic environment. However, it should be remembered that the market mechanism is characterized by features of self-regulation or self-regulation of structures under the influence of supply and demand, prices and competition. The market mechanism promotes the termination of inefficient economic activity and helps to redirect resources to those segments of macroeconomic environment, which are the most profitable, and consequently contribute to the rational use of resources. It is clear from practical experience that the market mechanism activates entrepreneurial activity of the macroeconomic environment and ensures the creation of a sustainable business organization on the basis of strategic development. The development of the national economy is one of the priority tasks in the transformational conditions of our country. Our country should become a country of strong economy and advanced innovations. For this purpose, it is necessary first of all to restore macroeconomic stability, ensure sustainable economic growth with environmentally friendly measures, create favorable conditions for economic activity and create a transparent tax policy.
The state regulation of the component of the national macroeconomic environment should be based on methodological aspects. It should be noted that such regulation has a place in the system of state management of the national economy and has common features with it. In practice, this theoretical condition is manifested in the fact that the economic policy of the state segment should be integrated with the long-term strategic national economic policy of the country. Segmental structural transformations should be aimed at creating a model of the segment structure of the macroeconomic environment, which will allow to realize the potential of dynamic growth of the national economy, to ensure a constant improvement of living standards of the population, effective reproduction and modernization of the economy, including through innovations.
State management and regulation of the economy are aimed at activating and renewing the use of all types of available resources, opening up new market and social opportunities, creating stimulating conditions, maintaining favorable conditions for improving economic efficiency and the quality of life of the population [9]. At the same time, there is a certain dependence between the full realization of the accumulated potential and the quality of state regulation. It manifests itself as follows: the higher the professional level of regulation, the better the available potential of the economy is used and multiplied. Thus, the degree of realization of one's own potential is determined by the level of state regulation and management.
The organizational and economic mechanism of regulation of the national economy implements the following main processes of large-scale impact: 1) direct management of the public sector of the economy; 2) coordination of various types of activities and processes of socio-economic development; 3) stimulating the market and regulating the functioning of the economy. The strategy for the sustainable development of Ukraine until 2030 defines the following actions [7]: The strategic vision for sustainable socio-economic development of Ukraine by 2030 (Fig. 1). It implies a change in the value of the Ukrainian people in order to achieve a balance between economic, social and environmental development. The strategy also seeks to fulfill Ukraine's international obligations and real prerequisites for full membership of Ukraine.

Principle of the Rule of Law
The Polluter Pays Principle

Protection of human rights Solidarity within and between generations Proper management
Using the best available knowledge Public participation Principle of prevention Participation of business representatives and social partners The «user pays» principle Integration of policy and management Fig. 1.

Principles of Ukraine's 2030 Sustainable Development Strategy
Source: developed by the author on the basis of [7].
National sustainable development goals are based on 17 global sustainable development goals: ending poverty and hunger, good health, quality education, gender equality, good sanitation and clean water, renewable energy [9], decent work and economic growth, innovation and infrastructure, reducing inequality, sustainable cities and communities, responsible consumption, combating climate change, marine and terrestrial ecosystem conservation, peace and justice, partnership for sustainable development. Based on the global goals on Fig. 2. For Ukraine, the process of designing and implementing an effective economic development strategy is extremely important, since the national socio-economic development strategy is the main document that determines the long-term goals and directions of socio-economic development, as well as the means and ways to achieve them. It should be noted that such strategies are better designed in European countries.
However, Ukraine lags far behind the leading Western countries in the process of strategic planning for socio-economic development, as well as the implementation of this strategy. Low indicators, expressed in international indicators, testify to the effectiveness of the economic development strategy in the context of European integration processes ( Table 1). Table 1 Ukraine's place in international rankings
According to the table, we can see that Ukraine has a low level of competitiveness -85th place, and its position has worsened compared to 2015, when it took 73rd place. Accordingly, as the indicators shown in Table 2 show, Ukraine is losing its positions, here for example, the size of the market in Ukraine has decreased, which demonstrates the lost positions, Ukraine has dropped by 9 points, infrastructure has deteriorated by 7 positions, but macroeconomic stability was improving, but after 2016 again began to lose positions and at the moment it has increased by only 4 points compared to 2014. In the system of components of the global competitiveness indicator the worst situation was in the level of financial market development and macroeconomic stability.
Promote inclusive balanced low-carbon economic growth and resilient infrastructure Ensuring sustainable sectoral and regional development Overcoming poverty and reducing inequality, particularly gender inequality Providing health, welfare, and quality education in safe and resilient communities Ensuring the transition to sustainable consumption and production patterns, managing natural resources, and strengthening the response to climate change Preserving terrestrial and marine ecosystems and promoting a balanced use of their resources Ensuring Security and Access to Justice, Building Accountable and Inclusive Institutions

The Sustainable Development Goals of Ukraine
As for the Index of Economic Freedom, it should be noted that in 2020 our country took 166 th place among 180 countries and is considered a country with economic crisis. In other words, Ukraine takes the last place among 43 countries in Europe. The overall result of Ukraine is lower than the world average and according to the classification belongs to the group of countries with a «free economy». It should be noted that in addition to Ukraine, this list includes 25 other countries, including post-Soviet countries such as Belarus, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan.
Of the components of the Index of Economic Freedom, only one indicator (freedom from corruption) showed a positive trend, one (financial freedom) remained unchanged, and other indicators showed a negative ( Table 3). As mentioned above, the index of economic freedom is calculated as the arithmetic average of the ten economic freedoms. However, in 201, two other components were taken into account when calculating the index of economic freedom, namely the index of judicial activity, which was 22.6 points, and the index of financial condition, which was 67.9 points. These components of the economic freedom index were not calculated in 2018.
According to the twelve categories of economic freedom Ukraine belongs to the countries of the world: property right -123, freedom from corruption -154, fiscal freedom -100, public spending -161, entrepreneurial freedom -111, labor market freedom -146, monetary freedom -184, trade freedom -54, investment freedom -165, financial freedom -160. The results should be used to determine the contribution of each of the four groups to the indicator of economic freedom.
Thus, the interaction of social and economic elements requires achieving fairness in the distribution of material goods among people and providing targeted assistance to low-income populations. Finally, the relationship between the environmental and economic components requires an assessment of human impact on the environment. Reform and restructuring of economic and other activities should include materials for a comprehensive assessment of their impact on the environment and public health.
Conclusions. Now we can conclude that Ukraine does not have a clearly developed mechanism for regulating the economy on the basis of sustainable development. The goal for Ukraine should be the concept of sustainable development, aimed at meeting the needs of the modern generation without compromising the future, including the rejection of extensive human use of renewable and non-renewable natural resources and the transition to the economy, ensuring a dynamic balance between nature and human needs balance the interests of all subsystems socioeconomic system of the future.